如何查看和更新过去的图状态¶
一旦您开始对图进行 检查点，您就可以轻松地在任何时间点 获取 或 更新 代理的状态。这允许实现以下功能
- 您可以在中断期间向用户展示状态，让他们接受一个操作。
- 您可以 回退 图以重现或避免问题。
- 您可以 修改 状态以将您的代理嵌入更大的系统，或让用户更好地控制其操作。
实现此功能的关键方法是
- get_state：从目标配置中获取值
- update_state：将给定值应用到目标状态
注意：这需要传入一个检查点器。
下面是一个快速示例。
设置¶
首先，我们需要安装所需的包
接下来，我们需要为 OpenAI（我们将使用的 LLM）设置 API 密钥
import getpass
import os
def _set_env(var: str):
if not os.environ.get(var):
os.environ[var] = getpass.getpass(f"{var}: ")
_set_env("OPENAI_API_KEY")
为 LangGraph 开发设置 LangSmith
注册 LangSmith 以快速发现问题并提高 LangGraph 项目的性能。LangSmith 允许您使用跟踪数据调试、测试和监控使用 LangGraph 构建的 LLM 应用——在此处 阅读更多关于如何入门的信息。
构建代理¶
现在我们可以构建代理了。我们将构建一个相对简单的 ReAct 风格的代理，它执行工具调用。我们将使用 Anthropic 的模型和模拟工具（仅用于演示目的）。
API 参考：ChatOpenAI | tool | START | ToolNode | END | StateGraph | MemorySaver
# Set up the tool
from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
from langchain_core.tools import tool
from langgraph.graph import MessagesState, START
from langgraph.prebuilt import ToolNode
from langgraph.graph import END, StateGraph
from langgraph.checkpoint.memory import MemorySaver
@tool
def play_song_on_spotify(song: str):
"""Play a song on Spotify"""
# Call the spotify API ...
return f"Successfully played {song} on Spotify!"
@tool
def play_song_on_apple(song: str):
"""Play a song on Apple Music"""
# Call the apple music API ...
return f"Successfully played {song} on Apple Music!"
tools = [play_song_on_apple, play_song_on_spotify]
tool_node = ToolNode(tools)
# Set up the model
model = ChatOpenAI(model="gpt-4o-mini")
model = model.bind_tools(tools, parallel_tool_calls=False)
# Define nodes and conditional edges
# Define the function that determines whether to continue or not
def should_continue(state):
messages = state["messages"]
last_message = messages[-1]
# If there is no function call, then we finish
if not last_message.tool_calls:
return "end"
# Otherwise if there is, we continue
else:
return "continue"
# Define the function that calls the model
def call_model(state):
messages = state["messages"]
response = model.invoke(messages)
# We return a list, because this will get added to the existing list
return {"messages": [response]}
# Define a new graph
workflow = StateGraph(MessagesState)
# Define the two nodes we will cycle between
workflow.add_node("agent", call_model)
workflow.add_node("action", tool_node)
# Set the entrypoint as `agent`
# This means that this node is the first one called
workflow.add_edge(START, "agent")
# We now add a conditional edge
workflow.add_conditional_edges(
# First, we define the start node. We use `agent`.
# This means these are the edges taken after the `agent` node is called.
"agent",
# Next, we pass in the function that will determine which node is called next.
should_continue,
# Finally we pass in a mapping.
# The keys are strings, and the values are other nodes.
# END is a special node marking that the graph should finish.
# What will happen is we will call `should_continue`, and then the output of that
# will be matched against the keys in this mapping.
# Based on which one it matches, that node will then be called.
{
# If `tools`, then we call the tool node.
"continue": "action",
# Otherwise we finish.
"end": END,
},
)
# We now add a normal edge from `tools` to `agent`.
# This means that after `tools` is called, `agent` node is called next.
workflow.add_edge("action", "agent")
# Set up memory
memory = MemorySaver()
# Finally, we compile it!
# This compiles it into a LangChain Runnable,
# meaning you can use it as you would any other runnable
# We add in `interrupt_before=["action"]`
# This will add a breakpoint before the `action` node is called
app = workflow.compile(checkpointer=memory)
与代理交互¶
现在我们可以与代理交互了。让我们让它播放 Taylor Swift 最受欢迎的歌曲
API 参考：HumanMessage
from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage
config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}
input_message = HumanMessage(content="Can you play Taylor Swift's most popular song?")
for event in app.stream({"messages": [input_message]}, config, stream_mode="values"):
event["messages"][-1].pretty_print()
================================ Human Message =================================
Can you play Taylor Swift's most popular song?
================================== Ai Message ==================================
Tool Calls:
play_song_on_apple (call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7)
Call ID: call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7
Args:
song: Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift
================================= Tool Message =================================
Name: play_song_on_apple
Succesfully played Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift on Apple Music!
================================== Ai Message ==================================
I've successfully played "Anti-Hero" by Taylor Swift on Apple Music! Enjoy the music!
查看历史记录¶
让我们浏览此线程的历史记录，从头到尾。
[HumanMessage(content="Can you play Taylor Swift's most popular song?", id='7e32f0f3-75f5-48e1-a4ae-d38ccc15973b'),
AIMessage(content='', additional_kwargs={'tool_calls': [{'id': 'call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7', 'function': {'arguments': '{"song":"Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift"}', 'name': 'play_song_on_apple'}, 'type': 'function'}], 'refusal': None}, response_metadata={'token_usage': {'completion_tokens': 22, 'prompt_tokens': 80, 'total_tokens': 102}, 'model_name': 'gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18', 'system_fingerprint': 'fp_483d39d857', 'finish_reason': 'tool_calls', 'logprobs': None}, id='run-af077bc4-f03c-4afe-8d92-78bdae394412-0', tool_calls=[{'name': 'play_song_on_apple', 'args': {'song': 'Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift'}, 'id': 'call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7', 'type': 'tool_call'}], usage_metadata={'input_tokens': 80, 'output_tokens': 22, 'total_tokens': 102}),
ToolMessage(content='Succesfully played Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift on Apple Music!', name='play_song_on_apple', id='43a39ca7-326a-4033-8607-bf061615ed6b', tool_call_id='call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7'),
AIMessage(content='I\'ve successfully played "Anti-Hero" by Taylor Swift on Apple Music! Enjoy the music!', additional_kwargs={'refusal': None}, response_metadata={'token_usage': {'completion_tokens': 20, 'prompt_tokens': 126, 'total_tokens': 146}, 'model_name': 'gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18', 'system_fingerprint': 'fp_483d39d857', 'finish_reason': 'stop', 'logprobs': None}, id='run-bfee6b28-9f16-49cc-8d28-bfb5a5b9aea1-0', usage_metadata={'input_tokens': 126, 'output_tokens': 20, 'total_tokens': 146})]
all_states = []
for state in app.get_state_history(config):
print(state)
all_states.append(state)
print("--")
StateSnapshot(values={'messages': [HumanMessage(content="Can you play Taylor Swift's most popular song?", id='7e32f0f3-75f5-48e1-a4ae-d38ccc15973b'), AIMessage(content='', additional_kwargs={'tool_calls': [{'id': 'call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7', 'function': {'arguments': '{"song":"Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift"}', 'name': 'play_song_on_apple'}, 'type': 'function'}], 'refusal': None}, response_metadata={'token_usage': {'completion_tokens': 22, 'prompt_tokens': 80, 'total_tokens': 102}, 'model_name': 'gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18', 'system_fingerprint': 'fp_483d39d857', 'finish_reason': 'tool_calls', 'logprobs': None}, id='run-af077bc4-f03c-4afe-8d92-78bdae394412-0', tool_calls=[{'name': 'play_song_on_apple', 'args': {'song': 'Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift'}, 'id': 'call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7', 'type': 'tool_call'}], usage_metadata={'input_tokens': 80, 'output_tokens': 22, 'total_tokens': 102}), ToolMessage(content='Succesfully played Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift on Apple Music!', name='play_song_on_apple', id='43a39ca7-326a-4033-8607-bf061615ed6b', tool_call_id='call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7'), AIMessage(content='I\'ve successfully played "Anti-Hero" by Taylor Swift on Apple Music! Enjoy the music!', additional_kwargs={'refusal': None}, response_metadata={'token_usage': {'completion_tokens': 20, 'prompt_tokens': 126, 'total_tokens': 146}, 'model_name': 'gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18', 'system_fingerprint': 'fp_483d39d857', 'finish_reason': 'stop', 'logprobs': None}, id='run-bfee6b28-9f16-49cc-8d28-bfb5a5b9aea1-0', usage_metadata={'input_tokens': 126, 'output_tokens': 20, 'total_tokens': 146})]}, next=(), config={'configurable': {'thread_id': '1', 'checkpoint_ns': '', 'checkpoint_id': '1ef6bcf1-364f-6228-8003-dd67a426334e'}}, metadata={'source': 'loop', 'writes': {'agent': {'messages': [AIMessage(content='I\'ve successfully played "Anti-Hero" by Taylor Swift on Apple Music! Enjoy the music!', additional_kwargs={'refusal': None}, response_metadata={'token_usage': {'completion_tokens': 20, 'prompt_tokens': 126, 'total_tokens': 146}, 'model_name': 'gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18', 'system_fingerprint': 'fp_483d39d857', 'finish_reason': 'stop', 'logprobs': None}, id='run-bfee6b28-9f16-49cc-8d28-bfb5a5b9aea1-0', usage_metadata={'input_tokens': 126, 'output_tokens': 20, 'total_tokens': 146})]}}, 'step': 3, 'parents': {}}, created_at='2024-09-05T21:37:39.955948+00:00', parent_config={'configurable': {'thread_id': '1', 'checkpoint_ns': '', 'checkpoint_id': '1ef6bcf1-318f-6dc8-8002-dbdf9aaeac83'}}, tasks=())
--
StateSnapshot(values={'messages': [HumanMessage(content="Can you play Taylor Swift's most popular song?", id='7e32f0f3-75f5-48e1-a4ae-d38ccc15973b'), AIMessage(content='', additional_kwargs={'tool_calls': [{'id': 'call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7', 'function': {'arguments': '{"song":"Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift"}', 'name': 'play_song_on_apple'}, 'type': 'function'}], 'refusal': None}, response_metadata={'token_usage': {'completion_tokens': 22, 'prompt_tokens': 80, 'total_tokens': 102}, 'model_name': 'gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18', 'system_fingerprint': 'fp_483d39d857', 'finish_reason': 'tool_calls', 'logprobs': None}, id='run-af077bc4-f03c-4afe-8d92-78bdae394412-0', tool_calls=[{'name': 'play_song_on_apple', 'args': {'song': 'Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift'}, 'id': 'call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7', 'type': 'tool_call'}], usage_metadata={'input_tokens': 80, 'output_tokens': 22, 'total_tokens': 102}), ToolMessage(content='Succesfully played Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift on Apple Music!', name='play_song_on_apple', id='43a39ca7-326a-4033-8607-bf061615ed6b', tool_call_id='call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7')]}, next=('agent',), config={'configurable': {'thread_id': '1', 'checkpoint_ns': '', 'checkpoint_id': '1ef6bcf1-318f-6dc8-8002-dbdf9aaeac83'}}, metadata={'source': 'loop', 'writes': {'action': {'messages': [ToolMessage(content='Succesfully played Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift on Apple Music!', name='play_song_on_apple', id='43a39ca7-326a-4033-8607-bf061615ed6b', tool_call_id='call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7')]}}, 'step': 2, 'parents': {}}, created_at='2024-09-05T21:37:39.458185+00:00', parent_config={'configurable': {'thread_id': '1', 'checkpoint_ns': '', 'checkpoint_id': '1ef6bcf1-3185-663e-8001-12b1ec3114b8'}}, tasks=(PregelTask(id='3a4c5ddb-14b2-5def-a766-02ddc32948ba', name='agent', error=None, interrupts=(), state=None),))
--
StateSnapshot(values={'messages': [HumanMessage(content="Can you play Taylor Swift's most popular song?", id='7e32f0f3-75f5-48e1-a4ae-d38ccc15973b'), AIMessage(content='', additional_kwargs={'tool_calls': [{'id': 'call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7', 'function': {'arguments': '{"song":"Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift"}', 'name': 'play_song_on_apple'}, 'type': 'function'}], 'refusal': None}, response_metadata={'token_usage': {'completion_tokens': 22, 'prompt_tokens': 80, 'total_tokens': 102}, 'model_name': 'gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18', 'system_fingerprint': 'fp_483d39d857', 'finish_reason': 'tool_calls', 'logprobs': None}, id='run-af077bc4-f03c-4afe-8d92-78bdae394412-0', tool_calls=[{'name': 'play_song_on_apple', 'args': {'song': 'Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift'}, 'id': 'call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7', 'type': 'tool_call'}], usage_metadata={'input_tokens': 80, 'output_tokens': 22, 'total_tokens': 102})]}, next=('action',), config={'configurable': {'thread_id': '1', 'checkpoint_ns': '', 'checkpoint_id': '1ef6bcf1-3185-663e-8001-12b1ec3114b8'}}, metadata={'source': 'loop', 'writes': {'agent': {'messages': [AIMessage(content='', additional_kwargs={'tool_calls': [{'id': 'call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7', 'function': {'arguments': '{"song":"Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift"}', 'name': 'play_song_on_apple'}, 'type': 'function'}], 'refusal': None}, response_metadata={'token_usage': {'completion_tokens': 22, 'prompt_tokens': 80, 'total_tokens': 102}, 'model_name': 'gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18', 'system_fingerprint': 'fp_483d39d857', 'finish_reason': 'tool_calls', 'logprobs': None}, id='run-af077bc4-f03c-4afe-8d92-78bdae394412-0', tool_calls=[{'name': 'play_song_on_apple', 'args': {'song': 'Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift'}, 'id': 'call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7', 'type': 'tool_call'}], usage_metadata={'input_tokens': 80, 'output_tokens': 22, 'total_tokens': 102})]}}, 'step': 1, 'parents': {}}, created_at='2024-09-05T21:37:39.453898+00:00', parent_config={'configurable': {'thread_id': '1', 'checkpoint_ns': '', 'checkpoint_id': '1ef6bcf1-29b8-6370-8000-f9f6e7ca1b06'}}, tasks=(PregelTask(id='01f1dc72-5a39-5876-97a6-abdc12f70c2a', name='action', error=None, interrupts=(), state=None),))
--
StateSnapshot(values={'messages': [HumanMessage(content="Can you play Taylor Swift's most popular song?", id='7e32f0f3-75f5-48e1-a4ae-d38ccc15973b')]}, next=('agent',), config={'configurable': {'thread_id': '1', 'checkpoint_ns': '', 'checkpoint_id': '1ef6bcf1-29b8-6370-8000-f9f6e7ca1b06'}}, metadata={'source': 'loop', 'writes': None, 'step': 0, 'parents': {}}, created_at='2024-09-05T21:37:38.635849+00:00', parent_config={'configurable': {'thread_id': '1', 'checkpoint_ns': '', 'checkpoint_id': '1ef6bcf1-29b3-6514-bfff-fe07fb36f14f'}}, tasks=(PregelTask(id='348e1ba7-95c6-5b89-80c9-1fc4720e35ef', name='agent', error=None, interrupts=(), state=None),))
--
StateSnapshot(values={'messages': []}, next=('__start__',), config={'configurable': {'thread_id': '1', 'checkpoint_ns': '', 'checkpoint_id': '1ef6bcf1-29b3-6514-bfff-fe07fb36f14f'}}, metadata={'source': 'input', 'writes': {'__start__': {'messages': [HumanMessage(content="Can you play Taylor Swift's most popular song?")]}}, 'step': -1, 'parents': {}}, created_at='2024-09-05T21:37:38.633849+00:00', parent_config=None, tasks=(PregelTask(id='f1cfbb8c-7792-5cf9-9d28-ae3ac7724cf3', name='__start__', error=None, interrupts=(), state=None),))
--
重放状态¶
我们可以回到这些状态中的任何一个并从那里重新启动代理！让我们回到工具调用执行之前的时刻。
{'messages': [HumanMessage(content="Can you play Taylor Swift's most popular song?", id='7e32f0f3-75f5-48e1-a4ae-d38ccc15973b'),
AIMessage(content='', additional_kwargs={'tool_calls': [{'id': 'call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7', 'function': {'arguments': '{"song":"Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift"}', 'name': 'play_song_on_apple'}, 'type': 'function'}], 'refusal': None}, response_metadata={'token_usage': {'completion_tokens': 22, 'prompt_tokens': 80, 'total_tokens': 102}, 'model_name': 'gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18', 'system_fingerprint': 'fp_483d39d857', 'finish_reason': 'tool_calls', 'logprobs': None}, id='run-af077bc4-f03c-4afe-8d92-78bdae394412-0', tool_calls=[{'name': 'play_song_on_apple', 'args': {'song': 'Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift'}, 'id': 'call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7', 'type': 'tool_call'}], usage_metadata={'input_tokens': 80, 'output_tokens': 22, 'total_tokens': 102})]}
要从这个地方重放，我们只需要将它的配置传回给代理。请注意，它会从离开的地方继续执行——进行工具调用。
{'messages': [ToolMessage(content='Succesfully played Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift on Apple Music!', name='play_song_on_apple', tool_call_id='call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7')]}
{'messages': [AIMessage(content='I\'ve started playing "Anti-Hero" by Taylor Swift on Apple Music! Enjoy the music!', additional_kwargs={'refusal': None}, response_metadata={'token_usage': {'completion_tokens': 20, 'prompt_tokens': 126, 'total_tokens': 146}, 'model_name': 'gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18', 'system_fingerprint': 'fp_483d39d857', 'finish_reason': 'stop', 'logprobs': None}, id='run-dc338bbd-d623-40bb-b824-5d2307954b57-0', usage_metadata={'input_tokens': 126, 'output_tokens': 20, 'total_tokens': 146})]}
从过去的状态分支¶
使用 LangGraph 的检查点功能，您可以做的不仅仅是重放过去的状态。您可以从先前的位置分支出来，让代理探索备用轨迹，或让用户对工作流程中的更改进行“版本控制”。
让我们展示如何做到这一点，即在特定的时间点编辑状态。让我们更新状态，使其不再在 Apple 上播放歌曲，而是在 Spotify 上播放。
# Let's now get the last message in the state
# This is the one with the tool calls that we want to update
last_message = to_replay.values["messages"][-1]
# Let's now update the tool we are calling
last_message.tool_calls[0]["name"] = "play_song_on_spotify"
branch_config = app.update_state(
to_replay.config,
{"messages": [last_message]},
)
然后我们可以使用这个新的 branch_config 进行调用，以便从这里以更改后的状态继续运行。从日志中我们可以看到，工具是用不同的输入调用的。
{'messages': [ToolMessage(content='Succesfully played Anti-Hero by Taylor Swift on Spotify!', name='play_song_on_spotify', tool_call_id='call_uhGY6Fv6Mr4ZOhSokintuoD7')]}
{'messages': [AIMessage(content='I\'ve started playing "Anti-Hero" by Taylor Swift on Spotify. Enjoy the music!', additional_kwargs={'refusal': None}, response_metadata={'token_usage': {'completion_tokens': 19, 'prompt_tokens': 125, 'total_tokens': 144}, 'model_name': 'gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18', 'system_fingerprint': 'fp_483d39d857', 'finish_reason': 'stop', 'logprobs': None}, id='run-7d8d5094-7029-4da3-9e0e-ef9d18b63615-0', usage_metadata={'input_tokens': 125, 'output_tokens': 19, 'total_tokens': 144})]}
API 参考：AIMessage
from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage
# Let's now get the last message in the state
# This is the one with the tool calls that we want to update
last_message = to_replay.values["messages"][-1]
# Let's now get the ID for the last message, and create a new message with that ID.
new_message = AIMessage(
content="It's quiet hours so I can't play any music right now!", id=last_message.id
)
branch_config = app.update_state(
to_replay.config,
{"messages": [new_message]},
)
{'messages': [HumanMessage(content="Can you play Taylor Swift's most popular song?", id='7e32f0f3-75f5-48e1-a4ae-d38ccc15973b'),
AIMessage(content="It's quiet hours so I can't play any music right now!", id='run-af077bc4-f03c-4afe-8d92-78bdae394412-0')]}
您可以看到快照已更新，并且现在正确反映了没有下一步。